Justice Mirza’s exit followed the dramatic resignations of Supreme Court judges Syed Mansoor Ali Shah and Athar Minallah. Both judges said the 27th Constitutional Amendment weakens the Supreme Court and destroys the balance of the Constitution. Their statements encouraged more discussions among lawyers, lawmakers, and civil rights groups. Many legal experts now fear a long-term shift in the country’s constitutional structure.

The amendment establishes a powerful Federal Constitutional Court. This new court will decide all constitutional questions. The Supreme Court will now hear only civil and criminal cases. Critics say this change reduces the Supreme Court’s authority and places more power in the hands of the executive. Legal scholars also argue that the move breaks the spirit of judicial independence.

The amendment also extends Army Chief Gen Asim Munir’s tenure until 2030. This provision intensified the controversy and raised questions about military influence in political structures. Opposition parties claim the government wants to reshape institutions to strengthen its own power.

Justice Mirza, who was scheduled to retire in 2028, resigned to show his disagreement with the new system. His decision created a strong reaction in legal circles. Lawyers’ associations across Pakistan are planning discussions and consultations on the future of judicial independence.

The International Commission of Jurists also criticised the amendment. It said the changes threaten constitutional democracy and weaken key safeguards. Many observers now believe the country faces a historic moment that will shape its legal and political future for years.

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According to a report in Jurist News, the amendment — being fast-tracked through parliament — seeks to overhaul Pakistan’s judicial and defence structures. It proposes the creation of a Federal Constitutional Court, reforms in the Supreme Court, and a major restructuring of the armed forces’ command system.

The most controversial provision allows the Chief of Army Staff (COAS) to simultaneously hold the title of Chief of Defence Forces (CDF) — effectively granting him unified control over the Army, Navy, Air Force, and intelligence agencies. The amendment also paves the way for promotion to the rank of Field Marshal, a title that carries lifelong privileges and constitutional immunity.

Legal scholar L. Ali Khan, writing for Jurist News, noted that the PCA’s amendments to Article 243 and Article 248 grant the Field Marshal full protection from legal prosecution — even after retirement. This immunity, which traditionally applies only to a sitting President, would now extend to a military leader for life, creating what he described as a “constitutional shield against accountability.”

The PCA also removes the post of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, transferring its authority directly to the Army Chief. Experts warn that this move could centralize military command to an extent not seen even under Pakistan’s previous military regimes.

Critics say the amendment undermines constitutional democracy and the rule of law, as it effectively places the Army Chief above civilian oversight. If passed, analysts argue, the PCA could institutionalize a system where military power operates beyond judicial or parliamentary control.

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The commander, in an intercepted communication reviewed by Indian intelligence agencies, reportedly admitted that the Pakistan Army has been extending overt support to the terror outfit. According to the message, General Munir instructed that officers not only attend the funerals but also honor the slain terrorists with military-style respect, portraying them as martyrs.

Officials in New Delhi said the revelation further confirms long-standing accusations of Pakistan’s direct involvement in cross-border terrorism. Operation Sindoor, launched by Indian security forces earlier this year, targeted militant hideouts in Kashmir and neutralized several top operatives of Jaish-e-Mohammed. The funerals, held in Pakistan-occupied territories, were allegedly used to rally more recruits under the banner of “jihad.”

Security experts argue that such evidence undermines Pakistan’s repeated claims of not providing state support to terror groups. They note that the involvement of senior army officers in militant funerals is a clear indicator of collusion between the Pakistan Army and banned outfits like Jaish.

Indian officials believe that exposing such communications strengthens New Delhi’s position on global platforms, particularly at the United Nations and Financial Action Task Force (FATF), where Pakistan has often faced scrutiny for terror financing and safe havens.

The Ministry of External Affairs is expected to raise the matter diplomatically, highlighting that Pakistan’s actions not only destabilize regional peace but also violate international commitments against terrorism.

As of now, Islamabad has not issued an official response to the claims, but analysts predict the revelations could trigger renewed international pressure on Pakistan.

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