Explained | Why India’s Communication Satellites Are So Heavy

Explained | Why India’s Communication Satellites Are So Heavy
India’s communication satellites are significantly heavier than Earth observation or navigation satellites because they are designed to deliver high power, broad coverage, and long operational lifetimes. These satellites carry large transponders, high-capacity antennas, and multiple payloads to support services such as television broadcasting, internet connectivity, disaster management, and military communication. To ensure reliability, they are equipped with redundant systems, including extra power units and backup transmitters, which add to the overall mass. Moreover, communication satellites are typically positioned in geostationary orbit, about 36,000 km above Earth, requiring more fuel for orbit-raising and station-keeping over their 10–15-year lifespan. The heavier design allows them to maintain consistent performance across India’s vast landmass and surrounding regions. As demand for broadband and digital infrastructure grows, India’s newer satellites, such as those in the GSAT series, continue to increase in power—and consequently in weight.