The Supreme Court on Wednesday approved sweeping revisions to the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) for Delhi-NCR, allowing stricter anti-pollution measures to be implemented at earlier stages of deteriorating air quality. The changes, proposed by the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM), aim to curb the rapid escalation of pollution levels that characterise the Capital’s winter months.
Under the revised framework, several measures previously reserved for the most severe pollution category will now take effect sooner. Some Stage 4 advisories—meant for occasions when the Air Quality Index (AQI) exceeds 450—will now be activated at Stage 3, applicable when AQI remains between 401 and 450. Similarly, Stage 3 restrictions will shift to Stage 2 (AQI 301–400), while Stage 2 actions will be triggered at Stage 1 (AQI 201–300).
This forward-shifted structure is intended to prevent air quality from slipping into the “severe” and “severe-plus” categories, a recurring pattern during winter due to low wind speed, increased emissions, and seasonal stubble burning. Earlier implementation of curbs, officials argue, will allow authorities to intervene before pollution levels spike to dangerous thresholds.
Welcoming the proactive approach, a bench comprising Chief Justice of India Bhushan R. Gavai and Justice K. Vinod Chandran underscored the need for inclusive decision-making. “We are of the view that any proactive action in reducing air pollution would always be welcome. We expect the CAQM, while taking such action, to consult all stakeholders,” the bench said.
The GRAP overhaul marks one of the most significant policy shifts in recent years, strengthening Delhi-NCR’s ability to respond to pollution spikes. With winter approaching, authorities are expected to operationalise the revised plan immediately, signalling tighter and earlier interventions across the region.
